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Jet Fuel Pricing, Demand and Supply Overview
2025
Base Year
2023-2025
Historical Period
2026-2027
Forecast Period
Market Overview
In the United States, the highest-priced reporting region, jet fuel average prices rose through 2025, recovering from USD 0.680/KG in Q1 to USD 0.727/KG by Q4, a gain of 6.9% as crude-oil costs firmed and aviation demand recovered strongly. The global average followed a similar path, rising from USD 0.640/KG to USD 0.680/KG over the year. For the remainder of 2026 a global average of USD 0.680-0.780/KG is expected, with crude oil and aviation demand the key swing factors. Prices are expressed in USD per kilogram of Jet A-1, with a reference density of 0.800 kg per litre, consistent with industry standard conversion for bulk pricing analysis.
Jet fuel, primarily Jet A-1, is a kerosene-based distillate refined from crude oil whose price is driven by crude costs, refinery crack spreads and aviation demand. Commercial aviation absorbs the largest share of demand, followed by cargo and freight, military aviation and general aviation. The key structural pricing drivers are crude-oil prices, refinery throughput and crack spreads, global passenger and cargo traffic, geopolitical supply risk on key shipping routes, and a growing sustainable aviation fuel blending mandate in several jurisdictions.
Jet Fuel Price Forecast for 2026
The supply and demand balance for jet fuel through the rest of 2026 looks firm, with upside from geopolitical supply risk. Producer cost floors rose sharply in early 2026 as Middle Eastern tensions related to the US-Iran conflict pushed crude prices higher and disrupted Gulf production, while strong passenger and cargo demand continues to grow. The main upside risk is a deepening Hormuz disruption or another crude-price spike. The main downside risk is a diplomatic resolution easing crude prices, or a demand slowdown from economic headwinds, which could ease the market.
| Region | 2026 Price Range (USD/KG) | Outlook |
| Global Average | 0.680 - 0.780 | Firm on crude recovery and strong aviation demand |
| United States | 0.735 - 0.840 | Gulf Coast costs and demand keep prices highest |
| Europe | 0.710 - 0.810 | Import costs and SAF mandate support prices |
| Asia-Pacific | 0.665 - 0.760 | Refinery output and recovering traffic |
| Middle East | 0.620 - 0.710 | Proximity to crude origin keeps prices lowest |
For the Quarter Ending March 2026
Jet Fuel Prices Q1 2026:
- United States: USD 0.750/KG
- Europe: USD 0.733/KG
- Asia-Pacific: USD 0.693/KG
- Middle East: USD 0.644/KG
Jet Fuel Prices in the United States
In Q1 2026 US jet fuel average prices reached USD 0.750/KG, up 3.2% from USD 0.727/KG in Q4 2025 and the highest among the reporting regions. Higher crude benchmarks from Middle Eastern supply tension, elevated blending costs and firm aviation demand from strong commercial-flight activity drove the increase. Gulf Coast refinery operating rates stayed constrained by maintenance schedules, tightening available supply and allowing sellers to raise offers across the quarter.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q1 2026 in the United States?
Higher crude costs from Middle Eastern tensions and firm aviation demand lifted US prices 3.2% over the quarter. Gulf Coast maintenance schedules constrained supply, reinforcing the upward move.
Jet Fuel Prices in Europe
European jet fuel average prices reached USD 0.733/KG in Q1 2026, up 3.1% from USD 0.711/KG in Q4 2025. Firm crude costs lifted the base, and steady demand from major hub carriers and expanding cargo operations supported the market. A sustainable aviation fuel blending mandate added incremental cost to supply, and regional refinery maintenance reduced spot availability, driving the upward move across the quarter.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q1 2026 in Europe?
Higher crude costs, the SAF blending mandate and regional refinery maintenance lifted European prices 3.1% over the quarter. Firm hub-carrier and cargo demand reinforced the rise.
Jet Fuel Prices in Asia-Pacific
Asia-Pacific jet fuel average prices reached USD 0.693/KG in Q1 2026, up 2.8% from USD 0.674/KG in Q4 2025. Higher crude import costs lifted the production base, and a continued recovery in international and domestic traffic drove demand. China's expanding international routes and Indian subcontinent traffic growth supported offtake, with disciplined refinery operating rates keeping supply balanced and enabling a clear upward move across the quarter.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q1 2026 in Asia-Pacific?
Higher crude import costs and recovering Asian traffic lifted Asia-Pacific prices 2.8% over the quarter. Disciplined refinery rates kept supply balanced, enabling the pass-through.
Jet Fuel Prices in the Middle East
Middle East jet fuel average prices reached USD 0.644/KG in Q1 2026, up 3.5% from USD 0.622/KG in Q4 2025 while remaining the lowest among the reporting regions. Despite the region's proximity to crude production keeping delivered costs the lowest globally, crude-price volatility from regional tensions also lifted the base. Strong demand from Gulf carrier hub expansion and growing regional tourism supported the market, driving the steepest percentage rise across the quarter.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q1 2026 in the Middle East?
Crude-price volatility and strong Gulf hub demand lifted Middle East prices 3.5% over the quarter. Proximity to crude kept the level the lowest despite the steepest percentage rise.
For the Quarter Ending December 2025
Jet Fuel Prices Q4 2025:
- United States: USD 0.727/KG
- Europe: USD 0.711/KG
- Asia-Pacific: USD 0.674/KG
- Middle East: USD 0.622/KG
Jet Fuel Prices in the United States
In Q4 2025 US jet fuel prices reached USD 0.727/KG, a 3.3% rise from USD 0.704/KG in Q3 as firm aviation fuel demand driven by sustained commercial-flight activity and increased seasonal travel volumes lifted the market. Higher crude oil benchmarks and elevated blending costs supported pricing, and refinery operating rates stayed constrained, keeping the market firm into the close of the year.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q4 2025 in the United States?
Sustained commercial aviation demand and higher crude benchmarks lifted US prices 3.3% over the quarter. Constrained refinery rates supported the seasonal firm market.
Jet Fuel Prices in Europe
European jet fuel prices reached USD 0.711/KG in Q4 2025, a 3.2% rise from USD 0.689/KG in Q3 as higher crude costs and strong seasonal travel demand firmed the market. SAF blending costs added to supply economics, and limited import availability from regional maintenance tightened the market. Firm hub-carrier procurement drove the upward move into the close of the year.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q4 2025 in Europe?
Higher crude costs, SAF blending and firm seasonal demand lifted European prices 3.2% over the quarter. Limited imports from regional maintenance tightened supply.
Jet Fuel Prices in Asia-Pacific
Asia-Pacific jet fuel prices reached USD 0.674/KG in Q4 2025, a 3.2% rise from USD 0.653/KG in Q3 as aviation activity continued to recover and crude import costs rose. Rising domestic flight frequencies in China and India and international route reinstatement across Southeast Asia drove demand. Disciplined refinery rates kept supply balanced, supporting the upward move into the close of the year.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q4 2025 in Asia-Pacific?
Recovering Asian aviation activity and higher crude import costs lifted Asia-Pacific prices 3.2% over the quarter. International route reinstatement and domestic frequency growth drove demand.
Jet Fuel Prices in the Middle East
Middle East jet fuel prices reached USD 0.622/KG in Q4 2025, a 3.0% rise from USD 0.604/KG in Q3 as crude volatility and strong Gulf carrier expansion supported the market. Proximity to crude origin kept the region the lowest-cost supplier, and growing hub traffic from Gulf airlines drove steady demand into the close of the year.
Why did the price of Jet Fuel change in Q4 2025 in the Middle East?
Crude volatility and Gulf hub expansion lifted Middle East prices 3.0% over the quarter. Proximity to crude kept the region the lowest-cost market.
Quarterly Jet Fuel Price Trends
Global jet fuel prices recovered steadily across the six-quarter window after a soft first half of 2025. The blended average rose from USD 0.640/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.710/KG in Q1 2026, a cumulative gain of 10.9%, driven by crude-oil recovery, strong aviation demand as passenger and cargo traffic grew, and geopolitical supply risk on key shipping routes. The pace accelerated in H2 2025 and early 2026 as Middle Eastern tensions pushed crude higher.
| Quarter | Price (USD/KG) | QoQ Change | Direction |
| Q1 2026 | 0.710 | +4.0% | ↑ Rising |
| Q4 2025 | 0.683 | +3.3% | ↑ Rising |
| Q3 2025 | 0.661 | +1.5% | ↑ Rising |
| Q2 2025 | 0.651 | -1.4% | ↓ Falling |
| Q1 2025 | 0.640 | - | - Stable |
| Q2 2026 | In Progress | - | - In Progress |
What was Jet Fuel Price in 2025?
Jet fuel prices recovered through 2025, with the global blended average rising from USD 0.640/KG in Q1 to USD 0.683/KG in Q4, a full-year gain of 6.7%. Three forces defined the year. The first was a soft first half as tariff uncertainty and weaker near-term demand sentiment pulled crude-linked prices down. The second was a strong second-half recovery as passenger and cargo traffic expanded strongly and crude prices firmed on geopolitical risk. The third was tighter refinery operating rates that limited spot supply and supported seasonal price premiums through the peak travel period.
Jet Fuel Prices in the United States in 2025
US prices rose from USD 0.680/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.727/KG by Q4, a gain of 6.9% and the highest level among the reporting regions. A soft first half gave way to firmer crude benchmarks and strong seasonal travel demand in the second half. Gulf Coast refinery maintenance constrained supply, supporting the recovery. Crude recovery and aviation demand were the dominant annual influences.
Jet Fuel Prices in Europe in 2025
European prices rose from USD 0.663/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.711/KG by Q4, a gain of 7.2%. SAF blending costs, firmer crude and steady hub-carrier demand drove the recovery through the second half. Regional refinery maintenance limited spot supply, supporting prices through the peak season. Crude and SAF costs were the dominant annual influences.
Jet Fuel Prices in Asia-Pacific in 2025
Asia-Pacific prices rose from USD 0.624/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.674/KG by Q4, a gain of 8.0%. A soft first quarter gave way to recovering international and domestic traffic, supported by China's international route expansion and Indian subcontinent growth. Higher crude import costs reinforced the recovery. Traffic recovery and crude costs were the dominant annual influences.
Jet Fuel Prices in the Middle East in 2025
Middle East prices rose from USD 0.580/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.622/KG by Q4, a gain of 7.2% while remaining the lowest in the dataset. Crude volatility and Gulf hub expansion drove the recovery, with proximity to crude origin keeping delivered costs the lowest globally. Hub demand was the dominant annual influence.
How We Can Help
Expert Market Research: Your Source for Real-Time Jet Fuel Price Intelligence
Expert Market Research delivers continuous jet fuel price tracking across all major consuming regions, identifying not merely that prices moved but specifically why, tracing causation through crude-oil prices, refinery crack spreads, global passenger and cargo traffic, geopolitical supply risk and sustainable aviation fuel blending mandates. The forecasts draw on crude-market and refinery economics, traffic demand data, geopolitical risk assessment, and policy tracking across every reporting region, giving airlines, cargo operators and fuel procurement teams a clear, forward-looking framework. Contact Expert Market Research today for jet fuel pricing data, bespoke market analysis, and strategic procurement advisory.
Key Questions Answered in the Report
Jet fuel (Jet A-1) is a kerosene-based distillate refined from crude oil. Prices are expressed in USD per kilogram using a reference density of 0.800 kg per litre for Jet A-1, consistent with standard industry conversion for bulk pricing analysis, enabling direct comparison with other energy and refinery-product markets.
The Q1 2026 global blended average was USD 0.710/KG. The United States was the highest at USD 0.750/KG, while the Middle East was the lowest at USD 0.644/KG on proximity to crude origin.
The global blended average rose from USD 0.640/KG in Q1 2025 to USD 0.683/KG in Q4, a 6.7% full-year gain with a soft first half and a firmer second half. Crude recovery, strong aviation demand and tighter refinery rates drove the recovery.
Three factors drove the second-half recovery: crude-oil prices firmed on geopolitical supply risk; passenger and cargo traffic expanded strongly as international routes recovered; and tighter refinery operating rates from maintenance limited spot supply, supporting seasonal premiums.
The global average is forecast at USD 0.680-0.780/KG for the remainder of 2026. The range assumes firm crude and aviation demand, with Middle Eastern supply disruption and a diplomatic resolution the key upside and downside risks.
The United States carries the highest price on Gulf Coast refinery costs and domestic aviation demand, while the Middle East is the lowest on proximity to crude origin. Europe and Asia-Pacific fall in between on refinery economics and recovering traffic.
This report is updated monthly. For real-time pricing intelligence, contact the Expert Market Research team directly.
Prices are driven mainly by crude-oil costs, refinery crack spreads, and aviation demand. Crude spikes, refinery outages, geopolitical disruptions and demand shifts can amplify short-term moves across regions.
Jet fuel is refined from crude oil, so its price moves closely with crude benchmarks, with a refinery conversion margin added. A rising crude price lifts jet fuel costs directly, while the crack spread, the difference between jet fuel and crude, reflects refinery throughput, maintenance and demand conditions in the finished-product market.
Buyers can use the quarterly trend and forward forecast to time hedging programs, choose between fixed-price contracts and crude-indexed supply deals, and plan inventory or forward purchases ahead of peak travel seasons. Tracking regional differentials also helps weigh local refinery procurement against spot import options.
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