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The global ammonia market size reached a volume of approximately 194.8 MMT in 2023. The market is assessed to grow at a CAGR of 1.90% in the forecast period of 2024-2032 to reach a volume of around 218.3 MMT by 2032.
Ammonia refers to a gas with the chemical formula of NH3, and it is a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen. The characteristics of ammonia include a colourless appearance, pungent smell, and dissolution in water to offer an alkaline solution. The gas is caustic and hazardous and, therefore is classified as a dangerous substance in some regions.
According to the ammonia market report, ammonia is a processing aid used in the biotechnology sector to provide several chemicals for fermentation and growth control systems. The ammonia production report outlines that when the gas form of ammonium is combined with water, ammonia is produced, which is widely used in various industries. Since it is believed to be a significant provider of nutrients, ammonia is frequently used as a fertiliser.
With the high rate of population growth worldwide, there is increased pressure on farmers everywhere to significantly increase agricultural output to keep up with the rising demand for various types of grain and other commodities. This necessitates a substantial amount of expensive fertiliser, which is produced using ammonia, thereby influencing the ammonia market price.
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In March 2023, Casale SA signed an agreement with Ferkensco Management Limited and Enter Engineering Pte, Uzbekistan-based companies, to construct a state-of-the-art ammonia-based fertiliser plant in Uzbekistan. The plant is expected to produce 495,000 tons per year of ammonia and will be completed by the first half of 2025, which is expected to add to global ammonia production.
In August 2021, the company HEGRA, owned by Yara, Aker Clean Hydrogen and Statkraft was launched at Herøya, Porsgrunn. The company intends to electrify and decarbonise the Herøya plant and allow green ammonia production.
In June 2021, Yara International ASA and Trafigura Pte Ltd, a leading independent commodity trading company, signed an MoU to produce and promote the use of ammonia as an eco-friendly fuel in the shipping sector to reduce emissions and curb climate change. The companies aim for joint research and development activities and develop new green ammonia assets. Such developments positively influence the market growth of ammonia.
In May 2021, Yara International ASA and JERA Co., Inc. signed a MoU for the production of green and blue ammonia in order to develop a zero-emission thermal power generation in Japan. The decarbonisation of JERA’s power production is part of its Green Growth Strategy that aims to reach carbon neutrality by 2050.
In November 2020, Koch Fertilizer LLC decided to invest around $140 million at its Iowa plant to restore the production processes and boost the annual ammonia production. Also, the investment was aimed at improving reliability and environmental performance. The restored production processes are expected to operate by 2023.
Growing usage of ammonia in multiple end-use sectors
The rising usage of ammonia in various end-use sectors, such as agriculture, textile, mining, pharmaceutical, and refrigeration, is one of the key ammonia market trends. In agriculture, ammonia is predominantly used as a nitrogenous fertiliser. Its high solubility allows rapid absorption by plants, making it more effective than organic fertilisers which take longer to release their nutrients.
In the textile sector, ammonia is utilised for dyeing cotton, wool, and silk. It also serves as a catalyst in the production of synthetic resins and fibres, such as acrylic fibres. The mining sector uses ammonia to extract minerals like copper, molybdenum, and nickel from their ores. The pharmaceutical sector leverages ammonia in drug production, particularly for drugs that prevent bacterial growth. It's also used in clinical settings as a stimulant to avoid fainting.
Favourable government schemes to boost green ammonia production
The government initiatives to boost the production of green ammonia and ensure the environmentally sustainable energy security of the countries are likely to aid the ammonia market growth. Governments are increasingly promoting sustainable practices in industrial sectors, including the production of ammonia. Green ammonia, produced using renewable energy sources like solar, wind, or hydroelectric power, significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to conventional ammonia production methods.
Governmental support, often in the form of grants or subsidies, is being provided for research and development in green ammonia production. This support helps in overcoming technological barriers and reducing the cost of green ammonia production, making it more competitive with traditional ammonia. With an increasing focus on reducing dependency on fossil fuels, green ammonia is seen as a key component in energy security strategies. It can be used as a way to store and transport energy, especially in regions with abundant renewable energy resources.
Strategic initiatives by market players to promote clean ammonia
The increasing production of clean ammonia owing to the escalating eco-consciousness and the emerging need to reduce the use of fossil fuel and imported crude oil is expected to boost the growth of the clean ammonia market. The production of clean ammonia aligns with global efforts to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Traditional ammonia production is energy-intensive and largely depends on natural gas or coal, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Clean ammonia production, on the other hand, can use electricity generated from renewable sources, thereby reducing the carbon footprint.
By shifting towards clean ammonia, countries can reduce their reliance on imported crude oil and natural gas, enhancing their energy security. This is particularly relevant for countries with limited fossil fuel resources but abundant renewable energy potential. Technological advancements in electrolysis (the process used to produce hydrogen from water using electricity) and renewable energy production have also made the production of clean ammonia more feasible and cost-effective.
The initiatives taken by chemical manufacturers, such as BASF SE in expanding the production capacity of ammonia to meet the growing demand are likely to stimulate the market over the forecast period. In May 2023, Nutrien Ltd. (NYSE: NTR) evaluated the Geismar, LA site to construct the world’s largest clean ammonia facility. The facility aims to produce clean ammonia using new technology to reduce CO2 emissions.
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The market can be divided based on type into liquid and gas. Based on end use, the market is segmented into agriculture, textile, mining, pharmaceutical, and refrigeration, among others.
The major regional markets are North America, Europe, the Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa. The comprehensive EMR report provides a detailed assessment of the market on the basis of Porter's five forces model, along with giving a SWOT analysis.
The report gives an in-depth analysis of the following key players in the ammonia market, covering their competitive landscape and latest developments like mergers, acquisitions, investments and expansion plans.
The market is substantial and growing, with a significant portion of its demand driven by the agriculture sector, particularly for the production of nitrogenous fertilisers. The market is also influenced by its applications in other industries such as textiles, mining, pharmaceuticals, and refrigeration.
There is an increasing emphasis on the production of green ammonia due to escalating environmental consciousness and the need to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Green ammonia is produced using renewable energy sources, which significantly lowers its carbon footprint compared to conventional ammonia production methods. The market comprises major players who are investing in research and development to expand product lines and adopting various strategic activities to expand their market presence. These include collaborations, new product launches, and mergers and acquisitions.
Rising application of nitrogen fertilisers in the agricultural sector
There is an increasing demand for ammonia in the agricultural sector, owing to its use in nitrogen fertiliser production, which is supporting the market growth of ammonia. The growing population and the rising food demands are leading to the need for nitrogen fertilisers to improve crop yield and enhance soil fertility, thus increasing the ammonia market demand.
Emerging applications of green ammonia
There is a growing use of low-carbon hydrogen for decarbonising ammonia production, which contributes to the reduced amount of carbon dioxide released during the manufacturing process, thereby aiding the market. There is an increased adoption of ammonia as a zero-carbon fuel by the maritime sector to replace the use of fossil fuels in marine engines.
Increasing use as a refrigerant
Refrigeration grade ammonia possesses several desirable characteristics, such as purity, relatively free of water and other impurities, easy availability, and inexpensive. Also, ammonia can absorb heat when it evaporates. Additionally, the restriction on chlorine and fluorine-containing refrigerants is resulting in the rising utilisation of ammonia. Thus, its growing use as an efficient refrigerant in food preservation and air-conditioning processes is increasing the market growth.
Environment-friendly nature of ammonia
Ammonia does not contribute to ozone depletion, global warming or other environmental impacts when released into the atmosphere, therefore is considered an environmentally friendly refrigerant. It has a very limited atmospheric lifetime and so is biodegradable.
Increased exposure to ammonia can cause adverse impacts on humans
Ammonia is considered a hazardous gas at high concentration levels. Ammonia is lighter than air and can rise in the atmosphere when leakage occurs. The inhalation of ammonia can cause burning sensations in human parts, like the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Additionally, it can result in respiratory diseases or failure.
Limitations of liquid ammonia
The liquid ammonia has a low freezing point and melting point of -77 to -33 C, respectively. Thus, it is unsuitable for high temperatures and can pose experimental problems. Moreover, it tends to absorb moisture from the air and so requires seal tubes during experimentations.
The agriculture sector occupies a significant portion of the ammonia market share. There is a rising injection of ammonia directly into the soil using tractor-drawn knives and shanks to place it below the soil surface and avoid its release in vapour form. It binds the air-borne nitrogen, which is an essential crop nutrient. Thus, ammonia gas plays a critical role in crop production. Also, it is used to produce urea, a protein source in livestock feeds. Moreover, it is used as an antifungal agent on certain fruits, pre-harvest cotton defoliant, and as a preservative for storing high-moisture corn.
Ammonia is widely used in the dyeing of cotton, wool, and silk textiles. It is also employed to manufacture synthetic fibres, such as acrylic fibres as it serves as a catalyst in the production of synthetic resins. In the mining sector, ammonia is utilised to extract minerals, such as copper, molybdenum, and nickel from their ores.
Ammonia is used in the pharmaceutical sector to produce drugs which prevent the growth of bacteria and is also used in the clinical setting as a stimulant to avoid fainting. The gas can absorb a large amount of heat from the surroundings and so is used as a refrigerant gas in cold storage and other industrial applications, which is a key factor in increasing the ammonia market revenue.
The expanding awareness about the importance of hygiene and cleanliness is leading to the increasing use of ammonia in many households or other cleaning products. It can also remove stains from vegetable oils and is utilised in glass cleaning solutions owing to its quick evaporation.
Liquid ammonia is a nonaqueous ionising solvent that is obtained by compressing gaseous ammonia. It has a low melting point and acts as a better solvent for organic compounds. It is safe to handle and avoids the hazards that are associated with the use of gaseous ammonia.
Gaseous ammonia is a non-flammable gas that is commonly used as a refrigerant in various applications owing to its energy efficiency and low cost.
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The Asia Pacific is one of the leading markets, owing to the increasing agricultural activities and the adoption of ammonia-based fertilisers in the region. Additionally, the government initiatives to ensure green ammonia for the environmentally sustainable energy security of the countries are likely to aid the ammonia global market. For instance, in February 2023, the Government of India notified the Green Ammonia Policy, which is a major policy enabler for producing green ammonia using renewable sources of energy to offer clean fuel.
Meanwhile, the initiatives taken by the market players in decarbonising ammonia production facilities by 2030 are expected to aid the market expansion in Europe. In February 2021, Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, along with A.P. Moller-Maersk, announced plans to establish the Power-to-X facility, Europe’s largest production facility of green ammonia. The green ammonia produced by the facility can be used as a green fertiliser by the agricultural sector and as a sustainable fuel by the shipping sector.
Yara International ASA is a chemical company based in Norway, which is one of the leading crop nutrition companies globally. It produces and distributes nitrogen-based mineral fertilisers and other industrial products.
CSBP Limited is an Australia-based chemical company with its head office in Kwinana. The company offers products, such as fertilisers and industrial chemicals for the agricultural and industrial sectors. CSFB has two subsidiaries, namely Australian Vinyls and ModWood Technologies.
CF Industries Holdings, Inc. is an American-based company founded in 1946 as the Central Farmers Fertilizer Company. The company produces and distributes agricultural fertilisers, such as ammonia, urea, and others.
Koch Fertilizer, LLC is a key player in the market. The United States-based company is a manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of fertiliser products. The company provides anhydrous ammonia to fertiliser retailers and has five North American plants to meet customer demands.
GROUP DF is a global chemical company that functions across Europe and Asia. The company primarily deals with fertiliser and titanium businesses.
CASALE SA is a Switzerland-based company owned by Casale Holding. The company uses efficient solutions and services to produce ammonia, urea, nitrate, and phosphate fertilisers.
Other ammonia market players include OCI N.V., Acron Group, BASF SE, SABIC, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO), and Nutrien Ltd, among others.
REPORT FEATURES | DETAILS |
Base Year | 2023 |
Historical Period | 2018-2023 |
Forecast Period | 2024-2032 |
Scope of the Report |
Historical and Forecast Trends, Industry Drivers and Constraints, Historical and Forecast Market Analysis by Segment:
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Breakup by Type |
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Breakup by End Use |
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Breakup by Region |
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Market Dynamics |
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Trade Data Analysis |
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Price Analysis |
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Competitive Landscape |
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Companies Covered |
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*At Expert Market Research, we strive to always give you current and accurate information. The numbers depicted in the description are indicative and may differ from the actual numbers in the final EMR report.
1 Preface
2 Report Coverage – Key Segmentation and Scope
3 Report Description
3.1 Market Definition and Outlook
3.2 Properties and Applications
3.3 Market Analysis
3.4 Key Players
4 Key Assumptions
5 Executive Summary
5.1 Overview
5.2 Key Drivers
5.3 Key Developments
5.4 Competitive Structure
5.5 Key Industrial Trends
6 Market Snapshot
6.1 Global
6.2 Regional
7 Opportunities and Challenges in the Market
8 Global Ammonia Market Analysis
8.1 Key Industry Highlights
8.2 Global Ammonia Historical Market (2018-2023)
8.3 Global Ammonia Market Forecast (2024-2032)
8.4 Global Ammonia Market by Type
8.4.1 Liquid
8.4.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.4.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.4.2 Gas
8.4.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.4.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5 Global Ammonia Market by End Use
8.5.1 Agriculture
8.5.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.5.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5.2 Textile
8.5.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.5.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5.3 Mining
8.5.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.5.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5.4 Pharmaceutical
8.5.4.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.5.4.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5.5 Refrigeration
8.5.5.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.5.5.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.5.6 Others
8.6 Global Ammonia Market by Region
8.6.1 North America
8.6.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.6.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.6.2 Europe
8.6.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.6.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.6.3 Asia Pacific
8.6.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.6.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.6.4 Latin America
8.6.4.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.6.4.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
8.6.5 Middle East and Africa
8.6.5.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
8.6.5.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
9 North America Ammonia Market Analysis
9.1 United States of America
9.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
9.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
9.2 Canada
9.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
9.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
10 Europe Ammonia Market Analysis
10.1 United Kingdom
10.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
10.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
10.2 Germany
10.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
10.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
10.3 France
10.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
10.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
10.4 Italy
10.4.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
10.4.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
10.5 Others
11 Asia Pacific Ammonia Market Analysis
11.1 China
11.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
11.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
11.2 Japan
11.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
11.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
11.3 India
11.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
11.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
11.4 ASEAN
11.4.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
11.4.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
11.5 Australia
11.5.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
11.5.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
11.6 Others
12 Latin America Ammonia Market Analysis
12.1 Brazil
12.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
12.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
12.2 Argentina
12.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
12.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
12.3 Mexico
12.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
12.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
12.4 Others
13 Middle East and Africa Ammonia Market Analysis
13.1 Saudi Arabia
13.1.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
13.1.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
13.2 United Arab Emirates
13.2.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
13.2.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
13.3 Nigeria
13.3.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
13.3.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
13.4 South Africa
13.4.1 Historical Trend (2018-2023)
13.4.2 Forecast Trend (2024-2032)
13.5 Others
14 Market Dynamics
14.1 SWOT Analysis
14.1.1 Strengths
14.1.2 Weaknesses
14.1.3 Opportunities
14.1.4 Threats
14.2 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
14.2.1 Supplier’s Power
14.2.2 Buyer’s Power
14.2.3 Threat of New Entrants
14.2.4 Degree of Rivalry
14.2.5 Threat of Substitutes
14.3 Key Indicators for Demand
14.4 Key Indicators for Price
15 Value Chain Analysis
16 Trade Data Analysis
16.1 Major Importing Countries
16.1.1 By Volume
16.1.2 By Value
16.2 Major Exporting Countries
16.2.1 By Volume
16.2.2 By Value
17 Price Analysis
18 Competitive Landscape
18.1 Market Structure
18.2 Company Profiles
18.2.1 Yara International ASA
18.2.1.1 Company Overview
18.2.1.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.1.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.1.4 Certifications
18.2.2 CSBP Limited
18.2.2.1 Company Overview
18.2.2.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.2.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.2.4 Certifications
18.2.3 CF Industries Holdings, Inc.
18.2.3.1 Company Overview
18.2.3.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.3.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.3.4 Certifications
18.2.4 Koch Fertilizer, LLC
18.2.4.1 Company Overview
18.2.4.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.4.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.4.4 Certifications
18.2.5 GROUP DF
18.2.5.1 Company Overview
18.2.5.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.5.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.5.4 Certifications
18.2.6 CASCALE SA
18.2.6.1 Company Overview
18.2.6.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.6.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.6.4 Certifications
18.2.7 OCI N.V.
18.2.7.1 Company Overview
18.2.7.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.7.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.7.4 Certifications
18.2.8 Acron Group
18.2.8.1 Company Overview
18.2.8.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.8.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.8.4 Certifications
18.2.9 BASF SE
18.2.9.1 Company Overview
18.2.9.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.9.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.9.4 Certifications
18.2.10 SABIC
18.2.10.1 Company Overview
18.2.10.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.10.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.10.4 Certifications
18.2.11 Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO)
18.2.11.1 Company Overview
18.2.11.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.11.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.11.4 Certifications
18.2.12 Nutrien Ltd
18.2.12.1 Company Overview
18.2.12.2 Product Portfolio
18.2.12.3 Demographic Reach and Achievements
18.2.12.4 Certifications
18.2.13 Others
19 Key Trends and Developments in the Market
List of Key Figures and Tables
1. Global Ammonia Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2018 and 2032
2. Global Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Type (MMT), 2018-2023
3. Global Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (MMT), 2024-2032
4. Global Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by End Use (MMT), 2018-2023
5. Global Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by End Use (MMT), 2024-2032
6. Global Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Region (MMT), 2018-2023
7. Global Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (MMT), 2024-2032
8. North America Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2018-2023
9. North America Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2024-2032
10. Europe Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2018-2023
11. Europe Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2024-2032
12. Asia Pacific Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2018-2023
13. Asia Pacific Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2024-2032
14. Latin America Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2018-2023
15. Latin America Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2024-2032
16. Middle East and Africa Ammonia Historical Market: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2018-2023
17. Middle East and Africa Ammonia Market Forecast: Breakup by Country (MMT), 2024-2032
18. Major Importing Countries by Value
19. Major Exporting Countries by Value
20. Major Importing Countries by Volume
21. Major Exporting Countries by Volume
22. Global Ammonia Market Structure.
In 2023, the market attained a volume of approximately 194.8 MMT.
The global market for ammonia is expected to grow at a CAGR of 1.90% between 2024 and 2032.
The market is assessed to reach almost 218.3 MMT by 2032.
The major drivers supporting the market include the rising application of ammonia in the production of fertilisers, increasing food demands, escalating eco-consciousness, awareness about the importance of cleanliness and hygiene, ability to absorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings, and need to reduce dependency on fossil fuels.
The global ammonia market is assessed to grow at a CAGR of 2.10% between 2024 and 2032.
Ammonia can be an environment-friendly alternative to other fuels in the shipping and aviation sector as it can reduce the emissions.
The green ammonia refers to the ammonia production that is renewable and carbon-free, using nitrogen from the air and hydrogen from water electrolysis.
The key trends in the market include the increasing utilisation in various end-use sectors, government initiatives, and the production of green ammonia.
The significant types of ammonia include liquid and gas.
The various end uses of ammonia include agriculture, textile, mining, pharmaceutical, and refrigeration, among others.
The major players in the ammonia market are Yara International ASA, CSBP Limited, CF Industries Holdings, Inc., Koch Fertilizer, LLC, GROUP DF, CASCALE SA, OCI N.V., Acron Group, BASF SE, SABIC, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO), and Nutrien Ltd, among others.
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